Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with urinary tract infections in females?

Pain in the lower abdomen is a common symptom associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in females. This discomfort typically results from inflammation and irritation of the bladder and urethra as the infection progresses. In UTIs, the bladder can become distended and sensitive, leading to a sensation of pain or discomfort in the lower abdominal region, which is often described as a sharp or cramping pain.

While loss of appetite, extreme fatigue, and headaches can occur with various illnesses, they are less specific to urinary tract infections. Loss of appetite may be attributable to a range of conditions and emotional states rather than directly linked to a UTI. Extreme fatigue could result from many factors, including systemic infections or dehydration, but it is not a hallmark symptom of UTIs specifically. Headaches are also common in a wide array of conditions and do not have a unique association with urinary tract infections.

Thus, the prominence of pain in the lower abdomen makes it a key indicator when diagnosing a UTI in females, underscoring its clinical relevance in this context.