What symptom would most likely be assessed with Lloyd's sign?

Lloyd's sign, also known as the renal punch sign, is a clinical test used to assess for kidney-related issues, particularly renal colic or pyelonephritis. When a clinician performs this assessment, they typically apply gentle percussion to the lower back over the costovertebral angle. The presence of pain during this maneuver indicates irritation of the renal area, which is often associated with kidney conditions.

Lower back tenderness is characteristic of this test because it specifically evaluates the kidneys' response to pressure. If there is inflammation or infection in the kidneys, as often seen with conditions like pyelonephritis, the patient will experience significant discomfort upon percussion.

In contrast, bladder spasm, low-grade fever, and frequent urination are symptoms that might occur due to other urinary tract issues, such as cystitis or other bladder-related problems, but they do not specifically correlate with the assessment carried out using Lloyd's sign. Thus, the presence of lower back tenderness is the most relevant symptom in this context, validating the use of Lloyd's sign in clinical assessment.