What are common symptoms of kidney stones?

The indication that severe pain, nausea, and hematuria are common symptoms of kidney stones is correct due to the nature of how kidney stones affect the body. When a stone forms in the kidney or travels down the urinary tract, it can lead to intense pain, commonly referred to as renal colic. This pain is typically sharp and severe, often felt in the back or side, and may radiate toward the abdomen and groin.

Nausea frequently accompanies this pain, as the body responds to the distress caused by the obstruction or irritation in the urinary system. Hematuria, or blood in the urine, occurs because the sharp edges of kidney stones can cause abrasions in the urinary tract as they pass, resulting in bleeding.

In contrast, the other options present symptoms that are not typically associated with kidney stones. Back pain and frequent urination might occur but do not encompass the full symptom profile of kidney stones, while fatigue and jaundice are indicative of liver problems or significant systemic illnesses rather than renal issues. Elevated blood pressure and headache can arise from other conditions but not specifically from the presence of kidney stones. Thus, option A accurately encompasses the hallmark symptoms one would expect in a case of kidney stones.