Another term for renal calculi is:

The term renal calculi refers specifically to stones that form in the kidneys. This condition is also known as nephrolithiasis, which directly translates to the formation of stones (lithiasis) in the kidneys (nephro-). The terminology reflects the medical classification and nomenclature associated with this particular condition.

While kidney stones is a commonly used term that many people recognize and understand, colloquially referring to renal calculi, nephrolithiasis is the more clinically precise term that encompasses the underlying pathology involved in stone formation in the renal system.

Urolithiasis is a broader term that includes stones formed anywhere in the urinary tract, including the bladder and ureters. Therefore, it does not specifically refer to renal calculi alone. Nephrons are the functional units of the kidney and are unrelated to the terminology regarding stones. Each of these alternative terms describes related but distinct concepts, with nephrolithiasis being the most appropriate synonym for renal calculi.